With the development of the electric vehicle industry, charging infrastructure is becoming a key aspect. There are several main electric vehicle charging standards on the global market, which differ in power, compatibility and regional distribution. In this article, we will consider the main standards, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as development prospects.
Main charging standards
1. Combined Charging System (CCS)
CCS is one of the most common standards in Europe and the USA. Key features:
Uses a Type 1 (USA) or Type 2 (Europe) connector.
Supports both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC).
Power up to 350 kW.
Used by most European and American manufacturers.
The main disadvantage is that it is not supported in Japan and China.
2. CHAdeMO
A fast charging standard developed in Japan:
Supports power up to 400 kW.
Used by Nissan, Mitsubishi and other Japanese brands.
Allows bidirectional charging (V2G – Vehicle-to-Grid).
The main disadvantage is the gradual replacement of CCS in Europe and the USA.
3. Tesla Supercharger
Tesla’s own standard:
Uses a proprietary connector (in the USA), compatible with CCS in Europe.
Power up to 250 kW.
Designed for Tesla owners, although gradually opening up to other brands.
The main disadvantage is limited availability for other electric vehicles.
4. GB/T DC
China’s national standard:
Used in all Chinese electric vehicles.
Supports power up to 900 kW in new versions.
No compatibility with CCS and CHAdeMO.
The main disadvantage is that it is only used in China.
